Pavel Kislinger writes: No. base64 has nothing to do with attribute definitions, nor with anything else in LDAP except the LDIF file format. (Some backends make use of the LDIF format internally instead of a more efficient format. What you just said is that back-sql is not one of them.) So: Exactly. Looks to me like you need to read up on LDAP and LDIF. E.g. the LDAP wikipedia article. Then, if you still have trouble, please take this to the openldap-software list. -- Hallvard